Domestic Wastewater Treatment
SITE SELECTION
Location
Space requirements
Access
TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
General considerations
Preliminary treatment
Primary treatment
Secondary treatment
Advanced wastewater treatment
Evaluation of wastewater treatment
Processes
BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Design population
Estimating future service demand
Volume of wastewater
Population equivalents
Capacity factor
Wastewater characteristics
SELECTION OF TREATMENT PROCESSES
Regulatory requirements
Process selection factors
Impact on receiving waters
SMALL FLOW TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Septic tanks
Waterless toilets
Filtration/re-use systems
Mound systems
Imhoff tanks
Package treatment plants
TYPICAL MILITARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Typical systems
Trickling filter process
Activated sludge process
Stabilization pond process
Advanced wastewater treatment process
Small installations
UPGRADING EXISTING TREATMENT FACILITIES
Techniques for upgrading existing sedimentation facilities
Techniques for upgrading existing trickling filter plants
Techniques for upgrading conventional.activated sludge plants
Techniques for upgrading waste treatment ponds
CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS AND GENERAL PLANT LAYOUT
Types of plants
Elements of advanced wastewater treatment
Plan site preparation
Plant layout
Plant hydraulics
Plant auxiliary facilities
PRELIMINARY TREATMENT
Bar screens
Comminuting devices
Grit chambers
Dissolved air flotation
Wastewater flocculation
PRIMARY TREATMENT
Function
Primary sedimentation
Sedimentation design features
Chemical precipitation
Imhoff tanks
Sludge charactertistics
TRICKLING FILTER PLANTS
Design basis and criteria
Hydraulic components
Secondary sedimentation tanks
Other filter components
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PLANTS
General considerations
Activated sludge processes
Closed-loop reactor design criteria
WASTE TREATMENT PONDS
Background
Types of ponds
Design considerations
Disinfection
ADVANCED WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Sequence of processes
Polishing ponds
Post-aeration
Microstraining
Filtration
Activated carbon adsorption
Phosphorous removal
Land application systems
Nitrification
Denitrification
Three-stage biological systems
Anaerobic contact process
SLUDGE HANDLING, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL
General considerations
Sludge pumping
Sludge thickening
Sludge conditioning
Sludge dewatering
Sludge digestion
Sludge storage
DISINFECTION
General considerations
Chlorination
Chlorine feeding equipment
Dechlorination
Ozonation
FLOW MEASUREMENT, SAMPLING AND PROCESS CONTROL
General considerations
Flow measurement
Monitoring equipment for process control
Sampling
Odor control
OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, DESIGN, AND SAFETY
Specific design considerations
General safety considerations
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